Costa Rica Real Estate For Sale For Rent Retirement Living
Costa Rica has two oceans and two main cultures. On the Pacific Ocean you can typically find Costa Ricans lovingly nicknamed "Ticos" and on the Atlantic Ocean, especially in and around Limon, you will find an English-speaking, Jamaican influenced, African-Caribbean culture.
Created by still active volcanoes, this country has incredibly diverse altitude and landscapes that offer a range of climates.
Throughout the central part of the country you can find eternal summer with optimal climates (explaining why 2/3 of the population lives here!)
If your desire is to experience the fauna and flora of the warm and tropical rainforests, visit the South & Central Pacific and the Caribbean coastal areas. If you prefer a dry climate with seasonal changes, or a jungle to still see the autumn colors in a variety of trees, then try the dry forests of the northwest Pacific Coast of Guanacaste and western valleys of Costa Rica.
Costa Ricans take great pride in their country and are very open people welcoming foreigners. The relatively low crime rate and no military, coupled with a multitude of natural diversity within such a small space, makes living in Costa Rica an experience filled with beauty and excitement. The country has four types of rain forests and over 60 clearly visible volcanic mountains!
Costa Rica, meaning "Rich Coast", was the first country in the world to constitutionally abolish the use of a national army. With foreigners having the same property ownership rights as nationals, by granting them a title through a transparent and respectable legal system, purchasing Costa Rica Real Estate is simple. Foreign Home buyers have and continue to come, especially from North America and Europe with Asian, Russian and Arabic immigration on a steady incline.
Propertyshelf´s vision for an adaptive and powerful MLS solutions originated in Costa Rica. Propertyshelf signed a 10 year agreement to be the exclusive and official MLS provider together with the Real Estate Chamber of Costa Rica. All property listings are verified with the national registry for accuracy and ensure marketable title to the benefit to the public and real estate professionals.
Casa Avalon: New 4-Bedroom Home on 1.48-Acre Lot – Build 2 More Structures, Just Minutes from the Beach!

- Price
- $829,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 35
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 4/3
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Brasilito, Cabo Velas, Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Garden View
- Total Lot Size
- 0.61 ha (1.51 acre)
- Total Living Area
- 279.00 m² (3,003.12 sq ft)
Introducing Casa Avalon, a new residence in the gated community of Catalina Cove in Brasilito, Costa Rica. This 2,800-square-foot home sits on a 1.48-acre lot, offering space to build two additional structures, perfect for expanding your property or creating investment opportunities.
Casita Dorada: Charming 'Casita' on Expansive Lot with Room to Grow in Playa Flamingo’s Mar Vista Community

- Price
- $975,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 32
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 2/1
- Beds
- 2
- Baths
- 1
- Location
- Playa Flamingo, Cabo Velas, Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Mountain View, Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 0.59 ha (1.46 acre)
- Total Living Area
- 72.00 m² (775.00 sq ft)
Welcome to a stunning 2-bedroom, 1-bathroom casita in the exclusive Mar Vista community of Playa Flamingo, where breathtaking ocean and mountain views blend seamlessly with the beauty of Costa Rica’s tropical dry forest. Thoughtfully designed to offer both comfort and elegance, this home invites you to experience the best of coastal living in one of the most desirable locations in Guanacaste.
DEVELOPERS DREAM! Bahia, Uvita, walk to the beach!: Mountain Agricultural Land For Sale in Uvita

- Price
- $850,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 5
- Property Type
- Agricultural Land
- Location
- Uvita, Bahía Ballena, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View
- Total Lot Size
- 1.00 ha (2.48 acre)
Prime Development Opportunity in Uvita, Costa Rica Located in the tranquil back corner of Bahia, Uvita, this 2.5-acre (10,044 m²) parcel offers an unmatched opportunity for developers looking to create a residential community just a short walk from the beach. This land is ideal for a peaceful, small-town living experience while still providing quick access to one of Costa Rica's most popular natural attractions.
Prime Mountain Farm Land with Ocean Views and Private Waterfall in Uvita, Costa Rica: Mountain Home Construction Site For Sale in Uvita

- Price
- $1,750,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 6
- Property Type
- Home Construction Site
- Location
- Uvita, Bahía Ballena, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View
- Total Lot Size
- 41.36 ha (102.20 acre)
Nestled in the mountains above Uvita on Costa Rica's southern Pacific coast, this extraordinary 41-hectare (101 acre) property offers a unique opportunity for investors and developers or those seeking to create a luxury retreat center or homestead farm.
Legacy 60-Hectare Property with Panoramic View of the Whale's Tail Beach

- Price
- $4,500,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 5
- Property Type
- Home Construction Site
- Location
- Uvita, Bahía Ballena, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View, Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 64.76 ha (160.03 acre)
Explore this exceptional 60-hectare farm in Uvita, located in the heart of Costa Rica’s stunning Osa Peninsula. This property features 50% primary rainforest, rich in vibrant flora and fauna, alongside 30% secondary forest, creating a lush ecosystem. The remaining areas consist of open land, ideal for various uses.
Lot #10: Retreat Center wtih Turn-key business in conscious and sustainable community

- Price
- $1,970,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 2
- Property Type
- Agricultural Land
- Location
- Berlin, Alajuela, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Garden View, Greenbelt View, Ocean View, Wooded View
- Total Lot Size
- 2,600.00 m² (27,986.06 sq ft)
¡Sueña con tener un centro de retiro ecológico, un hotel y un negocio de estilo de vida!
Portegolpe Lot: 2.84 Acres Property With Paved Road Frontage

- Price
- $148,700
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 17
- Property Type
- Home Construction Site
- Location
- Portegolpe, Tempate, Santa Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Countryside
- View Type
- Garden View
- Total Lot Size
- 1.15 ha (2.84 acre)
This home construction site is located in Portegolpe, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, in Santa Cruz county. This countryside property with garden view is situated in the tropical dry forest of Costa Rica. The land area of this home construction site is a total of 1.15 hectare (2.84 acre).
Land Parcel with Ocean and Waterfall Views in Escaleras Dominical

- Price
- $449,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 26
- Property Type
- Home Construction Site
- Location
- Escaleras, Bahía Ballena, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity, Suburban
- View Type
- Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 4,422.00 m² (47,597.82 sq ft)
Perched at 1,900 feet above sea level, this exceptional property in Escaleras offers sweeping whitewater ocean views, lush rainforest scenery, and sights of paragliders soaring above the coastline. Overlooking Dominicalito Bay, Playa Dominical, and Manuel Antonio; it also features mesmerizing vistas of the Diamante Waterfall.
Half Acre Lot in Platanillo, Minutes to the beach of Dominical

- Price
- $80,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 7
- Property Type
- Development Parcel
- Location
- Platanillo de Dominical, Barú, Pérez Zeledón, San José, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View
- Total Lot Size
- 1,996.00 m² (21,484.68 sq ft)
This half acre lot is located in the mountains of Platanillo, 20 minutes to Dominical beach and 10 minutes to Tinamastes. From the paved road to the lot is only a 500 meter drive on a 2WD road, very quiet and friendly neighborhood comprised of locals and expats.
8128m² Titled Property with Great Building Potential -Manzanillo, Puerto Viejo

- Price
- $175,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Land Listing
- Images
- 14
- Property Type
- Home Construction Site
- Location
- Puerto Viejo, Cahuita, Talamanca, Limón, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Garden View
- Total Lot Size
- 0.81 ha (2.00 acre)
Gorgeous lot featuring a large plateau perfect for construction, offering stunning jungle views. The property is adorned with mature fruit trees and bordered by a small creek. It includes a simple, basic home and is conveniently located just 1.5 km from Manzanillo Beach.
Mountain Hotel/Resort/Hostel For Sale in Ojochal

- Price
- $1,400,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Commercial Sale
- Images
- 42
- Property Type
- Hotel/Resort/Hostel
- Beds/Baths
- -/8
- Baths
- 8
- Location
- Ojochal, Puerto Cortés, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- River View, Other
- Total Lot Size
- 1.16 ha (2.87 acre)
- Total Interior Area
- 600.00 m² (6,458.32 sq ft)
Nestled in the lush mountains of Ojochal, Costa Rica, this boutique hotel and retreat offers a unique blend of functionality and natural beauty. With six guest villas, each offering its own charm, you'll find the perfect space to unwind, reconnect, and rejuvenate. From couples to larger groups, the hotel accommodations can comfortably host up to 27 guests, ensuring that every stay is personalized and memorable.
Commerical Property with 4 Ocean View Rental Units in Ojochal

- Price
- $548,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Commercial Sale
- Images
- 37
- Property Type
- Multi Unit Building
- Beds/Baths
- 4/4
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 4
- Location
- Ojochal, Puerto Cortés, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View, Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 1.09 ha (2.69 acre)
- Total Interior Area
- 232.26 m² (2,500.02 sq ft)
Discover this immaculate 4-unit rental property nestled on the hillside of the picturesque village of Ojochal on Costa Rica's southern Pacific coast. Each apartment is a spacious suite with a private patio, kitchen/living area, bedroom and full bathroom. Well designed with cupula style air ventilation, so rooms are always fresh. This is a long standing property which as been meticulously maintained and manage by the original owner.
Mountain House For Sale in Pacayas

- Price
- $282,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 7
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 4/2
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Pacayas, Alvarado, Cartago, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View
- Total Lot Size
- 0.52 ha (1.28 acre)
- Total Living Area
- 226.00 m² (2,432.63 sq ft)
This house with 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms is located in Pacayas, Cartago Costa Rica, in the county of Alvarado. This mountain property with mountain view is situated in the highland forest of Costa Rica. The land area of this house is 0.52 hectare (1.28 acre), and it has a living space of 226.00 square meter (2,432.63 square feet).
House For Sale in Mercedes Norte

- Price
- $168,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 18
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 3/3
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Mercedes Norte, Mercedes, Heredia, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Urban
- View Type
- Greenbelt View
- Total Lot Size
- 140.00 m² (1,506.94 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 189.00 m² (2,034.37 sq ft)
This house with 3 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms is located in Mercedes Norte, Heredia Costa Rica, in the county of Heredia. This property with greenbelt view is situated in this part of Costa Rica. The land area of this house is 140.00 square meter (1,506.94 square feet), and it has a living space of 189.00 square meter (2,034.37 square feet).
House For Sale in San Francisco

- Price
- $116,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 14
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 2/2
- Beds
- 2
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- San Francisco, Heredia, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Urban
- View Type
- Greenbelt View
- Total Lot Size
- 165.00 m² (1,776.04 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 110.00 m² (1,184.03 sq ft)
This house with 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms is located in San Francisco, Heredia Costa Rica, in the county of Heredia. This property with greenbelt view is situated in this part of Costa Rica. The land area of this house is 165.00 square meter (1,776.04 square feet), and it has a living space of 110.00 square meter (1,184.03 square feet).
Villa Tres Vistas, a stunning luxury home located on the desirable Calle Perezoso in Ojochal

- Price
- $997,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 8
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 4/3
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Ojochal, Puerto Cortés, Osa, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 2,796.00 m² (30,095.77 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 280.00 m² (3,013.88 sq ft)
Introducing Villa Tres Vistas, a stunning luxury home located on the desirable Calle Perezoso in Ojochal. This property combines modern design with natural beauty, making it the perfect investment for your next home or vacation rental.
Casa Madera – Private Rainforest Property Playa Chiquita: 3 Bd/2.5 Ba - Spacious Home + Casita, Pool, Greenhouse - Titled Land

- Price
- $799,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 44
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 3/2
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Puerto Viejo, Cahuita, Talamanca, Limón, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Other
- View Type
- Garden View
- Total Lot Size
- 3,541.00 m² (38,114.85 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 324.00 m² (3,487.49 sq ft)
Casa Madera is a private rainforest retreat on titled land in Playa Chiquita, offering a main house (192 m²) with 2 bedrooms, 1 bath, high ceilings, and a wrap-around deck, plus a separate 72 m² casita with 1 bedroom and 1 bath. The property features an in-ground pool, a greenhouse with rainwater catchment, a 5,000-liter water storage system, and lush gardens teeming with wildlife. Fully fenced with a carport, storage bodega with a half bath, and modern conveniences, it’s just a short walk to the beach. A rare opportunity for those seeking privacy, nature, and community on Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast.
Beautiful apartment in JacoBay: Beautiful Apartment in JacoBay

- Price
- $275,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 40
- Property Type
- Apartment
- Beds/Baths
- 3/2
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Jacó, Garabito, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 44.75 ha (110.58 acre)
- Total Living Area
- 151.85 m² (1,634.49 sq ft)
Your Perfect Retreat with Mountain Views! We present a unique opportunity to acquire an exclusive apartment in JacoBay, located in one of the most attractive areas of Jaco Beach, Costa Rica. This impressive apartment combines luxury, comfort, and a natural setting, offering panoramic views of the mountains and the main street. With 3 spacious bedrooms and 2 bathrooms, this apartment is perfect for those seeking a large home or a vacation property with rental income potential. The master bedroom is equipped with a comfortable King bed, while the other two bedrooms each feature two beds, providing ample space for family or guests. One of the standout features of this apartment is its large terrace, the perfect spot for family gatherings or entertaining friends while enjoying the pleasant views and fresh air. This outdoor space is ideal for relaxation and special moments. Located in a prime area, JacoBay offers you access to pools, recreational areas, 24/7 security, and easy access to the beach. You’ll be just minutes away from the best restaurants, shops, and Jaco’s vibrant nightlife, all while enjoying the tranquility of the mountain views. In addition to being a perfect place to live or vacation, this property offers great investment potential due to the constant growth of tourism in the area. Imagine enjoying this tropical paradise surrounded by nature and comfort! Don’t miss this unique investment opportunity. Contact us today for more details or to schedule a visit. This could be the home of your dreams!
Azul Paraíso: Near the Coast House For Sale in Playa Ocotal

- Price
- $690,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 29
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 4/3
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Playa Ocotal, Sardinal, Carrillo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Ocean View
- Total Lot Size
- 233.00 m² (2,507.98 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 233.00 m² (2,507.98 sq ft)
This house with 4 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms is located in Playa Ocotal, Guanacaste Costa Rica, in the county of Carrillo. This near the coast property with ocean view is situated in this part of Costa Rica. The land area of this house is 233,00 square meter (2.507,98 square feet), and it has a living space of 233,00 square meter (2.507,98 square feet). This house has air conditioning through multiple wall units. This house is available furnished. The property also features a community pool and a jacuzzi.
FOR SALE! Furnished house Condominium in Grecia

- Price
- $299,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 21
- Property Type
- Condominium
- Beds/Baths
- 3/3
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Puente de Piedra, Grecia, Alajuela, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Suburban
- View Type
- Greenbelt View
- Total Lot Size
- 641.00 m² (6,899.64 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 270.00 m² (2,906.24 sq ft)
This charming house for sale in the Hacienda El Paseo condominium, in Grecia, is an ideal refuge surrounded by nature and the serenity of proximity to the river. The 641 m² property offers a spacious and bright space, distributed over two levels that include a mezzanine. The second level has a cozy bedroom that guarantees privacy and comfort. The house is sold fully furnished, with quality appliances, making it a perfect option for those looking to move without complications. The owner wants to keep a couple of storage rooms, but the rest of the furniture is included. Enjoy the freshness of the natural environment and the tranquility offered by this unique property, ideal for living in harmony with nature.
Apartamento de 3 Habitaciones en Condominio ONE: Apartment For Sale in Rohrmoser

- Price
- $600,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 21
- Property Type
- Apartment
- Beds/Baths
- 3/3
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 3
- Location
- Rohrmoser, Pavas, San José, San José, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Urban
- View Type
- City View
- Total Lot Size
- 108.00 m² (1,162.50 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 196.00 m² (2,109.72 sq ft)
This apartment with 3 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms is located in Rohrmoser, San José Costa Rica, in the county of San José. This property with city view is situated in the rain forest of Costa Rica. The land area of this apartment is 108,00 square meter (1.162,50 square feet), and it has a living space of 196,00 square meter (2.109,72 square feet). This apartment has air conditioning through a wall unit. This property includes a stove hood, an oven, a dishwasher, a microwave and a hotplate. The property also features a community pool and a jacuzzi.
Condominium For Sale in Pozos

- Price
- $240,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 34
- Property Type
- Condominium
- Beds/Baths
- 3/2
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Pozos, Pozos, Santa Ana, San José, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Urban
- View Type
- Greenbelt View
- Total Lot Size
- 150.00 m² (1,614.58 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 193.00 m² (2,077.43 sq ft)
This condominium with 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms is located in Pozos, San José Costa Rica, in the county of Santa Ana. This property with greenbelt view is situated in this part of Costa Rica. The land area of this condominium is 150,00 square meter (1.614,58 square feet), and it has a living space of 193,00 square meter (2.077,43 square feet). The property also features a community pool.
Secluded Dream Home in Costa Rica – Ocean & Mountain Views, Pool & Sustainable Living

- Price
- $587,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 45
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 3/2
- Beds
- 3
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Barú, Pérez Zeledón, San José, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Mountain View, Valley View, Other
- Total Lot Size
- 1.31 ha (3.24 acre)
- Total Living Area
- 371.61 m² (3,999.96 sq ft)
Luxury Sustainable Home for Sale in Dominical, Costa Rica – Ocean & Mountain Views Escape to your private paradise in the serene Baru area of Dominical, Costa Rica! This exquisite 2-story custom-built home offers the perfect balance of privacy, sustainability, and modern comfort, all while being conveniently close to pristine beaches, top-rated restaurants, and essential services in the Dominical, Uvita, and Platanillo regions. Prime Location & Breathtaking Views Tucked away from high-density tourist areas, this home offers a peaceful retreat surrounded by lush jungle, exotic wildlife, and panoramic sunset views. The private paved driveway leads to a secluded sanctuary where the home is strategically built into the hillside, ensuring unobstructed valley and mountain views while maximizing airflow and natural cooling.
2 Bd/1 Ba - Turnkey Tiny Home with Pool near Punta Uva

- Price
- $184,500
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 23
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 2/1
- Beds
- 2
- Baths
- 1
- Location
- Puerto Viejo, Cahuita, Talamanca, Limón, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Ocean-Vicinity
- View Type
- Garden View
- Total Lot Size
- 591.00 m² (6,361.45 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 75.00 m² (807.29 sq ft)
Experience the charm of tiny living in this turn-key tiny home located in the serene Paraiso Hills community near Punta Uva, Costa Rica. This 75 m² retreat features a cozy bedroom, loft space, and modern bathroom, ideal for a low-impact lifestyle just 15 minutes from Punta Uva beach. Enjoy stunning jungle views from the covered deck, a private pool for relaxation, and high-quality appliances including a fridge and washer/dryer. With high-speed Starlink internet and a fully furnished setup on a 591 m² lot, this property is perfect for retirees, digital nomads, or anyone looking for a minimalist vacation home. Its proximity to Puerto Viejo and the Panama border makes it a prime investment opportunity in one of Costa Rica's most beautiful areas, catering to those seeking a sustainable lifestyle amid nature.
Se vende casa en Residencial Villa Flores, Coronado.: Mountain House For Sale in Coronado

- Price
- $186,000
- Status
- Active
- Listing Type
- Residential Sale
- Images
- 17
- Property Type
- House
- Beds/Baths
- 4/2
- Beds
- 4
- Baths
- 2
- Location
- Coronado, San Isidro, Vázquez de Coronado, San José, Costa Rica
- Location Type
- Mountain
- View Type
- Greenbelt View
- Total Lot Size
- 202.00 m² (2,174.30 sq ft)
- Total Living Area
- 249.00 m² (2,680.20 sq ft)
This house with 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms is located in Coronado, San José Costa Rica, in the county of Vázquez de Coronado. This mountain property with greenbelt view is situated in this part of Costa Rica. The land area of this house is 202,00 square meter (2.174,30 square feet), and it has a living space of 249,00 square meter (2.680,20 square feet).